GLOBAL Land-Ocean Temperature Index in 0.01 degrees Celsius base period: 1951-1980 sources: GHCN-v4 1880-08/2023 + SST: ERSST v5 1880-08/2023 using elimination of outliers and homogeneity adjustment Notes: 1950 DJF = Dec 1949 - Feb 1950 ; ***** = missing AnnMean Year Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec J-D D-N DJF MAM JJA SON Year 1880 -18 -24 -9 -16 -10 -21 -18 -10 -15 -23 -22 -17 -17 *** **** -12 -16 -20 1880 1881 -19 -14 3 5 6 -18 0 -4 -15 -22 -18 -7 -9 -10 -17 5 -7 -19 1881 1882 16 14 4 -17 -15 -23 -16 -7 -14 -24 -17 -36 -11 -9 8 -9 -15 -18 1882 1883 -29 -37 -12 -18 -17 -8 -6 -14 -21 -11 -23 -11 -17 -19 -34 -16 -9 -18 1883 1884 -13 -8 -36 -40 -34 -36 -30 -27 -27 -25 -33 -31 -28 -27 -11 -36 -31 -29 1884 1885 -58 -34 -27 -42 -45 -43 -34 -31 -29 -24 -24 -11 -33 -35 -41 -38 -36 -25 1885 1886 -44 -51 -43 -28 -24 -34 -18 -31 -24 -28 -27 -26 -32 -30 -35 -32 -28 -26 1886 1887 -72 -57 -36 -35 -31 -25 -26 -36 -26 -36 -26 -33 -36 -36 -52 -34 -29 -29 1887 1888 -34 -36 -42 -20 -22 -17 -10 -16 -12 1 2 -4 -18 -20 -34 -28 -14 -3 1888 1889 -9 16 6 9 -1 -10 -8 -21 -24 -25 -34 -29 -11 -9 1 5 -13 -28 1889 1890 -42 -45 -40 -30 -40 -25 -28 -39 -37 -25 -43 -32 -35 -35 -39 -37 -31 -35 1890 1891 -34 -47 -18 -27 -17 -21 -17 -17 -16 -22 -31 -5 -23 -25 -38 -21 -18 -23 1891 1892 -29 -12 -40 -34 -24 -22 -31 -27 -17 -14 -42 -38 -27 -25 -15 -32 -27 -24 1892 1893 -80 -56 -22 -27 -33 -25 -14 -25 -23 -19 -19 -34 -31 -32 -58 -27 -21 -20 1893 1894 -53 -31 -23 -45 -32 -41 -25 -26 -29 -24 -27 -22 -31 -32 -39 -33 -30 -27 1894 1895 -42 -43 -34 -22 -28 -22 -18 -18 -12 -10 -16 -13 -23 -24 -36 -28 -19 -13 1895 1896 -22 -12 -26 -30 -15 -11 -2 -5 -7 7 -4 -4 -11 -12 -16 -24 -6 -1 1896 1897 -15 -17 -14 -1 -1 -11 -2 -9 -8 -13 -18 -20 -11 -9 -12 -5 -7 -13 1897 1898 -2 -30 -52 -31 -30 -19 -22 -27 -21 -34 -38 -23 -27 -27 -17 -38 -23 -31 1898 1899 -16 -38 -36 -20 -23 -31 -16 -8 -5 -4 13 -26 -18 -17 -26 -26 -19 1 1899 1900 -35 -5 1 -8 -8 -9 -12 -8 -5 10 -6 -6 -8 -9 -22 -5 -10 -1 1900 Year Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec J-D D-N DJF MAM JJA SON Year 1901 -21 -11 6 -3 -15 -11 -14 -20 -22 -29 -16 -27 -15 -14 -13 -4 -15 -23 1901 1902 -16 -9 -27 -27 -32 -31 -27 -30 -29 -30 -36 -41 -28 -27 -17 -29 -29 -32 1902 1903 -23 -5 -23 -41 -39 -42 -34 -45 -49 -46 -41 -50 -37 -36 -23 -34 -41 -46 1903 1904 -62 -58 -50 -51 -52 -48 -51 -49 -56 -39 -17 -33 -47 -49 -57 -51 -49 -37 1904 1905 -35 -59 -21 -33 -29 -28 -26 -20 -19 -25 -7 -13 -26 -28 -42 -28 -25 -17 1905 1906 -28 -29 -18 -5 -26 -19 -23 -20 -28 -20 -37 -15 -22 -22 -23 -16 -21 -28 1906 1907 -43 -51 -27 -37 -46 -42 -35 -34 -34 -22 -46 -47 -39 -36 -36 -37 -37 -34 1907 1908 -44 -33 -55 -44 -37 -38 -35 -46 -36 -44 -52 -49 -43 -43 -41 -46 -40 -44 1908 1909 -73 -46 -54 -59 -55 -52 -45 -34 -39 -40 -32 -56 -49 -48 -56 -56 -44 -37 1909 1910 -42 -41 -50 -43 -34 -38 -34 -37 -39 -41 -57 -67 -44 -43 -46 -42 -37 -46 1910 1911 -62 -57 -60 -53 -51 -50 -42 -44 -41 -26 -21 -21 -44 -48 -62 -55 -45 -29 1911 1912 -25 -14 -38 -17 -21 -24 -43 -54 -58 -57 -39 -43 -36 -34 -20 -26 -40 -51 1912 1913 -40 -45 -42 -39 -44 -45 -36 -33 -35 -32 -19 -2 -35 -38 -43 -42 -38 -29 1913 1914 5 -10 -24 -30 -21 -25 -23 -16 -17 -3 -15 -4 -15 -15 -2 -25 -22 -12 1914 1915 -20 -4 -10 7 -6 -22 -12 -22 -21 -24 -13 -21 -14 -13 -9 -3 -19 -19 1915 1916 -12 -14 -28 -30 -35 -49 -37 -28 -36 -33 -46 -81 -36 -31 -16 -31 -38 -38 1916 1917 -57 -63 -63 -55 -55 -43 -25 -22 -23 -44 -34 -68 -46 -47 -67 -58 -30 -33 1917 1918 -48 -34 -24 -44 -43 -36 -32 -31 -17 -6 -12 -30 -30 -33 -50 -37 -33 -12 1918 1919 -20 -23 -21 -12 -28 -36 -29 -33 -25 -20 -41 -42 -28 -27 -24 -20 -33 -29 1919 1920 -25 -27 -12 -24 -27 -36 -30 -26 -22 -26 -27 -47 -27 -27 -31 -21 -31 -25 1920 Year Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec J-D D-N DJF MAM JJA SON Year 1921 -4 -18 -23 -29 -30 -27 -14 -26 -19 -3 -14 -18 -19 -21 -23 -27 -23 -12 1921 1922 -34 -44 -15 -23 -33 -30 -27 -33 -35 -32 -14 -20 -28 -28 -32 -24 -30 -27 1922 1923 -27 -39 -34 -41 -33 -29 -31 -33 -31 -14 -3 -4 -26 -28 -28 -36 -31 -16 1923 1924 -22 -23 -8 -30 -18 -26 -29 -36 -32 -35 -20 -43 -27 -24 -16 -19 -30 -29 1924 1925 -37 -39 -27 -25 -29 -33 -27 -21 -20 -17 6 6 -22 -26 -40 -27 -27 -11 1925 1926 21 3 12 -12 -23 -26 -28 -14 -15 -12 -7 -30 -11 -8 10 -8 -23 -11 1926 1927 -27 -17 -38 -30 -26 -27 -19 -24 -13 -1 -5 -33 -22 -21 -25 -31 -23 -6 1927 1928 -2 -9 -25 -28 -30 -39 -19 -23 -21 -19 -9 -16 -20 -21 -15 -27 -27 -17 1928 1929 -45 -58 -33 -41 -38 -43 -36 -33 -26 -15 -11 -54 -36 -33 -40 -37 -38 -17 1929 1930 -30 -26 -10 -25 -24 -22 -21 -15 -16 -12 18 -5 -16 -20 -37 -20 -19 -3 1930 1931 -10 -21 -10 -23 -20 -8 -4 -4 -7 5 -6 -5 -9 -9 -12 -18 -5 -2 1931 1932 16 -17 -18 -6 -17 -29 -24 -22 -10 -9 -27 -26 -16 -14 -2 -14 -25 -15 1932 1933 -23 -29 -29 -24 -29 -34 -21 -23 -29 -24 -30 -44 -28 -27 -26 -27 -26 -28 1933 1934 -20 -2 -29 -30 -9 -15 -10 -12 -15 -6 4 -2 -12 -16 -22 -23 -12 -6 1934 1935 -34 14 -14 -37 -28 -26 -21 -22 -21 -5 -25 -16 -20 -18 -7 -26 -23 -17 1935 1936 -27 -37 -20 -20 -16 -21 -9 -13 -9 -2 2 0 -14 -16 -27 -19 -15 -3 1936 1937 -7 3 -20 -15 -5 -5 -3 2 9 9 8 -7 -3 -2 -1 -14 -2 9 1937 1938 9 4 10 7 -9 -17 -9 -5 1 15 8 -12 0 0 2 2 -11 8 1938 1939 -4 -6 -17 -10 -4 -7 -5 -6 -7 -3 8 43 -2 -6 -7 -10 -6 -1 1939 1940 0 8 9 18 11 12 12 7 15 11 16 31 13 14 17 13 10 14 1940 Year Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec J-D D-N DJF MAM JJA SON Year 1941 18 31 10 17 17 13 22 15 2 35 23 22 19 20 27 15 17 20 1941 1942 29 2 6 10 11 5 0 -4 -3 2 10 13 7 8 18 9 1 3 1942 1943 -1 18 -3 11 7 -5 9 1 5 23 20 24 9 8 10 5 2 16 1943 1944 36 24 26 20 20 16 18 18 28 27 11 4 21 22 28 22 18 22 1944 1945 10 1 6 20 6 1 4 26 21 19 8 -6 10 10 5 11 10 16 1945 1946 15 3 2 6 -7 -21 -12 -20 -8 -7 -5 -30 -7 -5 4 0 -17 -7 1946 1947 -6 -7 7 6 -1 -1 -4 -7 -12 8 3 -13 -2 -4 -15 4 -4 -1 1947 1948 7 -14 -24 -12 -1 -5 -11 -11 -14 -5 -12 -23 -10 -10 -7 -12 -9 -10 1948 1949 7 -14 -2 -11 -10 -27 -13 -13 -14 -6 -10 -18 -11 -11 -10 -8 -18 -10 1949 1950 -26 -27 -7 -21 -11 -5 -8 -16 -11 -20 -34 -21 -17 -17 -23 -13 -10 -22 1950 1951 -34 -41 -20 -14 0 -6 -1 6 5 8 -1 16 -7 -10 -32 -11 -1 4 1951 1952 11 11 -8 4 -3 -3 4 5 7 0 -13 -2 1 3 13 -2 2 -2 1952 1953 7 15 11 19 11 12 1 5 4 8 -3 5 8 8 7 14 6 3 1953 1954 -24 -10 -15 -14 -20 -18 -19 -18 -10 -2 8 -18 -13 -11 -10 -16 -18 -1 1954 1955 13 -16 -32 -22 -20 -14 -11 2 -11 -5 -25 -28 -14 -13 -7 -25 -8 -14 1955 1956 -13 -24 -21 -28 -29 -15 -9 -26 -19 -23 -14 -6 -19 -21 -22 -26 -17 -19 1956 1957 -9 -3 -5 0 9 16 2 15 9 1 8 15 5 3 -6 1 11 6 1957 1958 39 22 8 1 6 -8 5 -5 -2 4 2 1 6 7 25 5 -3 1 1958 1959 8 7 18 16 4 3 3 -1 -6 -7 -8 0 3 3 5 13 2 -7 1959 1960 0 13 -35 -15 -8 -4 -4 2 7 6 -11 19 -2 -4 4 -19 -2 0 1960 Year Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec J-D D-N DJF MAM JJA SON Year 1961 7 19 9 13 12 11 1 1 9 0 3 -16 6 9 15 11 4 4 1961 1962 5 15 10 5 -6 3 2 -1 0 1 6 -3 3 2 1 3 1 2 1962 1963 -3 18 -14 -7 -6 5 6 23 18 15 15 -3 5 5 4 -9 11 16 1963 1964 -9 -10 -21 -32 -25 -4 -4 -22 -29 -32 -21 -30 -20 -18 -7 -26 -10 -27 1964 1965 -8 -17 -13 -19 -12 -8 -13 -4 -15 -5 -6 -8 -11 -13 -18 -15 -9 -9 1965 1966 -19 -4 3 -13 -12 1 8 -9 -3 -17 -1 -3 -6 -6 -11 -7 0 -7 1966 1967 -8 -21 5 -5 12 -8 2 1 -6 9 -5 -5 -2 -2 -10 4 -2 -1 1967 1968 -26 -14 20 -6 -14 -9 -13 -9 -19 9 -5 -14 -8 -8 -15 0 -10 -5 1968 1969 -11 -18 1 17 18 3 -4 4 8 9 12 24 5 2 -14 12 1 10 1969 1970 8 22 6 5 -4 -3 1 -10 12 3 2 -12 3 6 18 3 -4 6 1970 1971 -2 -15 -18 -7 -5 -16 -8 -1 -6 -4 -7 -8 -8 -9 -10 -10 -8 -6 1971 1972 -22 -18 2 0 -3 4 1 16 2 8 2 18 1 -1 -16 0 7 4 1972 1973 29 32 29 27 23 19 12 5 9 10 4 -7 16 18 26 26 12 8 1973 1974 -10 -27 -5 -12 -4 -5 -3 10 -8 -6 -8 -8 -7 -7 -14 -7 1 -7 1974 1975 10 8 12 4 16 -1 -1 -17 -2 -11 -17 -17 -1 -1 3 11 -6 -10 1975 1976 -3 -6 -22 -7 -21 -12 -10 -12 -6 -24 -6 11 -10 -12 -9 -16 -11 -12 1976 1977 18 22 24 26 33 27 20 18 2 3 16 3 18 19 17 28 22 7 1977 1978 6 10 19 17 9 -1 4 -13 6 3 14 8 7 6 6 15 -3 8 1978 1979 8 -10 19 15 4 14 4 17 25 26 28 48 16 13 2 13 11 26 1979 1980 30 39 30 30 35 20 22 19 21 13 30 22 26 28 39 32 20 21 1980 Year Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec J-D D-N DJF MAM JJA SON Year 1981 53 42 48 32 24 29 32 35 15 12 23 41 32 31 39 35 32 16 1981 1982 5 15 3 15 18 5 15 4 14 13 18 43 14 14 20 12 8 15 1982 1983 53 43 42 27 34 22 18 36 37 17 30 16 31 33 46 34 25 28 1983 1984 31 14 26 6 33 2 19 19 21 14 7 -4 16 17 21 22 13 14 1984 1985 22 -4 17 12 14 15 4 17 13 11 5 14 12 10 5 14 12 10 1985 1986 26 37 30 22 21 12 11 16 3 15 10 13 18 18 26 25 13 9 1986 1987 32 43 18 24 26 35 40 25 35 32 29 46 32 29 29 23 33 32 1987 1988 57 44 51 43 44 40 33 39 37 38 12 29 39 40 49 46 37 29 1988 1989 12 30 36 29 17 15 34 33 34 29 20 37 27 27 24 27 27 28 1989 1990 41 44 80 56 45 37 45 34 23 45 46 40 45 45 41 60 39 38 1990 1991 42 50 35 51 34 53 47 39 44 29 30 32 41 41 44 40 46 34 1991 1992 48 40 48 27 31 26 9 8 -1 6 3 22 22 23 40 36 14 3 1992 1993 35 37 36 28 28 23 25 11 11 23 3 18 23 23 31 31 20 12 1993 1994 26 2 29 41 28 43 30 21 32 42 44 38 31 30 15 33 32 39 1994 1995 52 79 46 46 27 43 45 45 33 47 44 26 45 46 56 40 44 41 1995 1996 24 46 33 33 27 29 37 48 25 19 38 37 33 32 32 31 38 27 1996 1997 31 40 52 34 34 54 34 41 52 61 64 59 46 44 36 40 43 59 1997 1998 58 88 63 63 68 77 66 66 42 41 43 55 61 61 68 65 70 42 1998 1999 49 64 32 32 27 36 38 32 38 34 37 41 38 39 56 30 35 36 1999 2000 25 56 55 57 36 40 39 43 39 26 30 28 39 41 41 49 41 32 2000 Year Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec J-D D-N DJF MAM JJA SON Year 2001 46 44 56 50 58 52 59 49 52 50 72 56 54 51 39 55 53 58 2001 2002 77 78 88 58 64 53 62 53 63 54 59 44 63 64 71 70 56 58 2002 2003 75 58 60 55 61 48 58 65 62 72 53 75 62 59 59 59 57 63 2003 2004 58 73 63 61 37 44 26 46 50 60 72 51 53 55 69 54 39 61 2004 2005 74 60 74 67 63 65 61 60 71 75 74 68 68 66 62 68 62 73 2005 2006 56 73 63 47 48 66 54 70 65 70 74 79 64 63 66 53 63 69 2006 2007 102 70 73 76 69 61 59 60 60 58 59 50 66 69 84 73 60 59 2007 2008 30 38 74 53 49 49 60 46 61 67 68 54 54 54 39 59 52 65 2008 2009 64 53 54 61 65 64 73 69 72 65 79 67 66 64 57 60 69 72 2009 2010 75 83 92 84 76 68 63 67 63 71 81 45 72 74 75 84 66 72 2010 2011 52 48 66 65 53 62 70 75 57 66 59 61 61 60 48 61 69 60 2011 2012 49 49 58 72 78 64 58 66 72 79 78 53 65 66 53 70 63 77 2012 2013 71 62 67 54 61 69 60 70 77 69 83 70 68 66 62 60 66 76 2013 2014 76 55 78 80 86 67 58 83 87 81 67 78 75 74 67 81 69 78 2014 2015 86 90 96 76 80 81 73 79 85 109 106 116 90 87 85 84 78 100 2015 2016 117 137 136 110 95 80 85 102 91 89 92 87 102 104 123 114 89 91 2016 2017 102 114 117 94 91 72 82 87 77 90 88 93 92 92 101 101 80 85 2017 2018 82 85 88 89 82 77 83 77 80 102 82 91 85 85 87 87 79 88 2018 2019 93 95 117 102 85 90 94 95 93 101 99 109 98 96 93 101 93 98 2019 2020 117 124 117 113 102 92 90 87 99 89 110 81 102 104 117 111 90 99 2020 Year Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec J-D D-N DJF MAM JJA SON Year 2021 81 64 89 75 78 84 92 82 93 100 94 86 85 84 76 81 86 95 2021 2022 91 89 105 84 84 92 94 95 90 97 73 79 89 90 89 91 94 86 2022 2023 87 97 120 100 93 108 119 124 **** **** **** **** **** *** 88 104 117 **** 2023 Year Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec J-D D-N DJF MAM JJA SON Year Divide by 100 to get changes in degrees Celsius (deg-C). Multiply that result by 1.8(=9/5) to get changes in degrees Fahrenheit (deg-F). Example -- Table Value : 40 change : 0.40 deg-C or 0.72 deg-F