GLOBAL Land-Ocean Temperature Index in 0.01 degrees Celsius base period: 1951-1980 sources: GHCN-v3 1880-01/2012 + SST: 1880-11/1981 HadISST1 12/1981-01/2012 Reynolds v2 using elimination of outliers and homogeneity adjustment Notes: 1950 DJF = Dec 1949 - Feb 1950 ; ***** = missing AnnMean Year Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec J-D D-N DJF MAM JJA SON Year 1880 -43 -27 -25 -36 -31 -38 -23 -13 -29 -23 -19 -22 -28**** ***** -31 -25 -24 1880 1881 -19 -23 0 -5 -6 -32 -13 -11 -25 -29 -37 -30 -19 -19 -22 -3 -19 -30 1881 1882 -13 -2 -10 -28 -25 -33 -27 -14 -24 -37 -36 -52 -25 -23 -15 -21 -25 -33 1882 1883 -46 -41 -17 -22 -27 -10 -9 -21 -31 -34 -32 -29 -27 -28 -46 -22 -14 -32 1883 1884 -27 -19 -35 -38 -37 -36 -28 -19 -31 -34 -35 -31 -31 -31 -25 -37 -28 -33 1884 1885 -61 -32 -23 -39 -33 -41 -29 -26 -22 -23 -19 -6 -29 -32 -41 -32 -32 -21 1885 1886 -36 -43 -28 -20 -18 -32 -7 -22 -20 -31 -33 -29 -27 -25 -28 -22 -21 -28 1886 1887 -64 -51 -35 -41 -29 -24 -8 -26 -25 -38 -32 -40 -34 -33 -48 -35 -19 -31 1887 1888 -48 -47 -45 -35 -28 -24 -19 -23 -19 -10 -5 -22 -27 -29 -45 -36 -22 -11 1888 1889 -22 9 -1 -3 -6 -13 -16 -24 -21 -30 -37 -33 -17 -16 -12 -3 -18 -29 1889 1890 -52 -40 -34 -37 -50 -39 -30 -37 -41 -23 -51 -34 -39 -39 -42 -40 -35 -38 1890 1891 -49 -53 -17 -30 -20 -23 -23 -18 -16 -23 -38 -9 -27 -29 -45 -22 -21 -26 1891 1892 -37 -11 -35 -43 -32 -22 -31 -28 -21 -28 -51 -47 -32 -29 -19 -37 -27 -33 1892 1893 -85 -58 -19 -36 -38 -28 -10 -26 -24 -17 -18 -34 -33 -34 -63 -31 -21 -20 1893 1894 -50 -32 -25 -44 -39 -43 -20 -25 -35 -28 -38 -29 -34 -34 -39 -36 -29 -33 1894 1895 -55 -49 -31 -27 -30 -22 -20 -18 -11 -16 -13 -20 -26 -27 -44 -29 -20 -13 1895 1896 -25 -19 -31 -37 -16 -14 -7 -13 -10 -1 -14 -12 -17 -17 -21 -28 -11 -8 1896 1897 -21 -18 -17 -7 -4 -12 -4 -9 -14 -10 -18 -16 -12 -12 -17 -9 -8 -14 1897 1898 -5 -25 -47 -24 -34 -17 -20 -21 -19 -28 -38 -27 -25 -24 -15 -35 -19 -28 1898 1899 -20 -36 -28 -15 -16 -27 -8 -5 -6 -1 14 -25 -14 -14 -28 -19 -13 3 1899 1900 -33 6 0 -10 -7 -9 -9 -9 -5 2 -12 -6 -8 -9 -17 -5 -9 -5 1900 Year Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec J-D D-N DJF MAM JJA SON Year 1901 -19 1 4 -2 -13 -12 -16 -17 -21 -25 -22 -24 -14 -12 -8 -4 -15 -23 1901 1902 -12 7 -22 -24 -27 -28 -16 -25 -25 -31 -41 -45 -24 -22 -10 -24 -23 -32 1902 1903 -24 7 -14 -34 -31 -41 -27 -36 -42 -39 -30 -44 -30 -30 -21 -26 -35 -37 1903 1904 -54 -43 -33 -41 -40 -33 -31 -32 -36 -29 -10 -20 -34 -36 -47 -38 -32 -25 1904 1905 -29 -54 -20 -34 -27 -25 -21 -15 -15 -24 -8 -19 -24 -24 -34 -27 -20 -16 1905 1906 -26 -28 -15 -2 -19 -12 -20 -11 -20 -14 -37 -13 -18 -19 -24 -12 -14 -24 1906 1907 -41 -48 -26 -45 -48 -43 -37 -38 -27 -24 -43 -42 -39 -36 -34 -40 -40 -31 1907 1908 -39 -25 -45 -40 -32 -25 -22 -32 -21 -29 -39 -39 -32 -33 -35 -39 -26 -29 1908 1909 -55 -37 -42 -44 -40 -40 -32 -19 -21 -21 -18 -38 -34 -34 -43 -42 -30 -20 1909 1910 -31 -30 -33 -33 -33 -32 -20 -22 -28 -30 -41 -55 -32 -31 -33 -33 -25 -33 1910 1911 -52 -46 -49 -48 -40 -37 -23 -27 -22 -17 -16 -17 -33 -36 -51 -45 -29 -19 1911 1912 -22 -8 -29 -20 -19 -19 -37 -51 -42 -50 -30 -33 -30 -29 -16 -23 -35 -41 1912 1913 -37 -33 -37 -34 -37 -41 -27 -23 -24 -30 -17 -2 -28 -31 -34 -36 -30 -24 1913 1914 -2 -10 -19 -22 -14 -14 -14 -12 -15 0 -17 -14 -13 -12 -4 -19 -14 -11 1914 1915 -20 -5 -12 2 -1 -1 0 -9 -5 -18 -10 -18 -8 -8 -13 -4 -3 -11 1915 1916 -16 -14 -31 -24 -30 -36 -26 -19 -24 -17 -34 -62 -28 -24 -16 -29 -27 -25 1916 1917 -40 -48 -48 -37 -55 -35 -16 -19 -14 -35 -29 -68 -37 -36 -50 -46 -24 -26 1917 1918 -47 -43 -27 -44 -45 -33 -27 -36 -22 -6 -18 -31 -31 -35 -53 -38 -32 -15 1918 1919 -15 -18 -17 -10 -16 -17 -18 -14 -10 -17 -43 -32 -19 -19 -22 -15 -16 -23 1919 1920 -11 -19 1 -13 -10 -18 -23 -18 -18 -24 -27 -42 -19 -18 -21 -7 -20 -23 1920 Year Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec J-D D-N DJF MAM JJA SON Year 1921 -3 -15 -12 -15 -18 -12 0 -25 -19 -6 -16 -16 -13 -15 -20 -15 -12 -14 1921 1922 -30 -34 -18 -23 -29 -24 -15 -25 -28 -24 -16 -17 -24 -24 -27 -24 -21 -23 1922 1923 -22 -25 -22 -34 -34 -21 -26 -29 -25 -7 3 -2 -20 -22 -22 -30 -25 -10 1923 1924 -21 -23 -8 -31 -21 -19 -18 -20 -23 -23 -12 -30 -21 -18 -15 -20 -19 -19 1924 1925 -30 -25 -16 -17 -23 -28 -20 -13 -15 -18 2 17 -15 -19 -28 -18 -20 -11 1925 1926 22 15 24 -7 -13 -14 -8 2 -3 1 -4 -18 0 3 18 1 -7 -2 1926 1927 -17 -4 -28 -22 -19 -17 -6 -15 -7 4 0 -29 -13 -12 -13 -23 -12 -1 1927 1928 4 -1 -17 -23 -24 -27 -10 -16 -11 -11 1 -7 -12 -14 -9 -21 -18 -7 1928 1929 -31 -41 -23 -30 -30 -31 -25 -22 -19 -6 0 -41 -25 -22 -26 -27 -26 -8 1929 1930 -15 -13 -2 -14 -16 -14 -8 -1 -7 -6 18 0 -7 -10 -23 -11 -8 1 1930 1931 1 -15 -1 -12 -9 3 12 5 -6 6 -1 3 -1 -1 -5 -7 7 0 1931 1932 16 -12 -11 -2 -11 -19 -11 -9 3 3 -15 -15 -7 -5 2 -8 -13 -3 1932 1933 -22 -18 -17 -15 -15 -18 -6 -10 -18 -14 -25 -40 -18 -16 -19 -16 -12 -19 1933 1934 -15 2 -24 -22 -5 -5 0 -4 -13 0 11 4 -6 -10 -18 -17 -3 -1 1934 1935 -25 25 -3 -26 -23 -14 -10 -11 -13 2 -21 -12 -11 -10 1 -17 -12 -11 1935 1936 -20 -27 -14 -11 -8 -6 12 1 -1 6 7 10 -4 -6 -20 -11 2 4 1936 1937 2 20 -7 -9 2 4 9 9 18 15 19 -1 7 8 11 -5 7 17 1937 1938 15 10 23 21 8 -2 8 6 13 21 17 -9 11 12 8 18 4 17 1938 1939 1 -1 -14 -5 -1 1 5 -2 0 -4 6 37 2 -2 -3 -7 1 1 1939 1940 -17 1 4 12 5 4 18 -2 8 2 7 12 5 7 7 7 7 6 1940 Year Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec J-D D-N DJF MAM JJA SON Year 1941 10 22 4 15 10 7 11 2 -12 20 12 21 10 9 15 10 6 7 1941 1942 21 -8 0 0 7 4 0 -2 1 3 3 4 3 4 12 2 1 2 1942 1943 -13 12 -8 9 17 2 15 6 5 23 18 25 9 8 1 6 8 16 1943 1944 35 25 21 11 20 12 18 16 27 24 16 13 20 21 29 17 16 22 1944 1945 17 11 12 18 2 -1 3 15 1 9 7 -8 7 9 14 11 6 5 1945 1946 12 8 -4 7 -7 -14 -3 -18 -3 -4 -4 -27 -5 -3 4 -1 -12 -3 1946 1947 -4 -1 14 5 -3 -8 -3 -3 -7 12 12 -11 0 -1 -10 6 -5 6 1947 1948 13 -9 -8 -4 5 5 -10 -7 -8 1 -4 -19 -4 -3 -2 -2 -4 -3 1948 1949 15 -16 -1 -8 -8 -20 -9 -4 -4 0 -5 -10 -6 -7 -7 -6 -11 -3 1949 1950 -24 -27 -2 -18 -13 -5 -8 -18 -11 -16 -28 -10 -15 -15 -20 -11 -10 -19 1950 1951 -31 -39 -17 -8 2 -3 -1 12 9 14 3 18 -4 -6 -27 -8 2 9 1951 1952 15 15 -7 6 0 4 7 9 8 -4 -14 -3 3 5 16 -1 7 -3 1952 1953 11 18 16 19 8 4 5 10 10 9 2 15 11 9 9 14 6 7 1953 1954 -18 -4 -8 -10 -17 -13 -21 -17 -13 -3 12 -11 -10 -8 -2 -11 -17 -1 1954 1955 19 -14 -30 -17 -19 -13 -7 11 -7 1 -22 -28 -10 -9 -2 -22 -3 -9 1955 1956 -16 -24 -23 -21 -24 -14 -9 -26 -15 -22 -17 -8 -18 -20 -23 -23 -16 -18 1956 1957 -7 2 2 9 11 19 4 16 8 4 14 16 8 6 -4 7 13 9 1957 1958 42 24 15 5 7 -8 8 -2 -3 5 5 5 8 9 27 9 -1 2 1958 1959 11 11 21 18 10 7 7 1 -8 -4 -8 4 6 6 9 16 5 -7 1959 1960 1 19 -31 -14 -6 -3 -2 6 5 5 -9 20 -1 -2 8 -17 0 0 1960 Year Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec J-D D-N DJF MAM JJA SON Year 1961 4 21 10 11 21 12 0 3 8 6 6 -15 7 10 15 14 5 6 1961 1962 6 18 12 11 -10 8 -4 -5 3 1 8 0 4 3 3 5 0 4 1962 1963 2 20 -13 -8 -3 6 14 26 23 9 14 3 8 7 7 -8 15 15 1963 1964 -4 -9 -27 -33 -27 -4 -5 -24 -37 -30 -20 -29 -21 -18 -3 -29 -11 -29 1964 1965 -10 -18 -10 -20 -6 -12 -21 -6 -18 -7 -8 -6 -12 -14 -19 -12 -13 -11 1965 1966 -17 -1 9 -12 -7 -2 10 -5 1 -15 0 -4 -3 -4 -8 -3 1 -5 1966 1967 -7 -24 7 -3 12 -6 6 0 -1 11 -1 -2 -1 -1 -11 5 0 3 1967 1968 -22 -15 25 -4 -10 -2 -8 -5 -14 13 -3 -12 -5 -4 -13 4 -5 -1 1968 1969 -7 -9 -3 19 13 13 -3 -1 8 14 16 30 8 4 -9 10 3 13 1969 1970 9 23 9 4 -5 -2 -2 -14 12 3 3 -12 2 6 21 3 -6 6 1970 1971 -2 -20 -22 -11 -12 -21 -12 -4 -2 -5 -8 -12 -11 -11 -12 -15 -12 -5 1971 1972 -26 -21 -4 -2 -3 5 -1 20 4 4 -2 18 -1 -3 -20 -3 8 2 1972 1973 24 28 25 24 23 16 9 0 7 12 3 -8 14 16 24 24 9 7 1973 1974 -15 -27 -6 -13 -5 -5 -3 10 -10 -7 -12 -11 -9 -8 -17 -8 1 -9 1974 1975 2 1 11 -3 18 -3 -3 -22 -6 -10 -16 -21 -4 -4 -3 9 -9 -11 1975 1976 -8 -11 -27 -15 -29 -15 -13 -19 -11 -28 -11 1 -16 -17 -13 -24 -16 -17 1976 1977 11 15 16 20 29 23 20 17 -4 -3 14 3 13 13 9 21 20 2 1977 1978 5 9 14 10 3 -5 9 -18 9 -1 8 1 4 4 5 9 -5 5 1978 1979 7 -17 10 11 -3 5 -6 10 20 19 20 40 10 6 -3 6 3 20 1979 1980 22 30 24 27 29 10 22 18 14 10 23 10 20 22 31 26 17 16 1980 Year Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec J-D D-N DJF MAM JJA SON Year 1981 49 37 44 24 16 22 29 32 12 6 18 29 26 25 32 28 28 12 1981 1982 1 9 -10 -1 12 0 12 -3 2 3 4 36 5 5 13 0 3 3 1982 1983 47 36 37 27 31 16 11 29 36 10 23 11 26 28 39 32 19 23 1983 1984 23 9 24 4 30 -1 12 11 17 4 -5 -14 10 12 14 20 7 5 1984 1985 16 -11 11 5 6 14 -5 11 6 6 -1 9 5 4 -3 7 6 4 1985 1986 22 37 26 20 17 7 6 8 -1 6 2 7 13 13 23 21 7 3 1986 1987 27 40 12 18 17 33 41 19 31 27 22 45 28 25 25 16 31 27 1987 1988 52 36 47 36 39 40 27 32 31 30 -1 21 33 35 44 40 33 20 1988 1989 6 29 29 19 6 7 30 26 32 27 9 29 21 20 19 18 21 23 1989 1990 31 30 67 47 38 28 43 24 17 38 37 35 36 36 30 50 32 31 1990 1991 34 45 29 44 31 49 48 38 40 20 19 25 35 36 38 35 45 27 1991 1992 38 34 39 16 23 16 1 0 -11 -4 -7 11 13 14 32 26 6 -8 1992 1993 28 29 28 16 17 9 13 2 0 14 -1 13 14 14 22 20 8 4 1993 1994 23 -7 20 31 16 34 22 15 31 36 38 28 24 23 10 22 24 35 1994 1995 44 72 41 41 20 36 49 39 23 44 38 24 39 40 48 34 41 35 1995 1996 24 48 31 26 21 19 36 47 24 16 35 34 30 29 32 26 34 25 1996 1997 27 33 49 33 31 52 28 34 44 52 58 56 41 40 31 38 38 51 1997 1998 55 83 59 56 66 72 65 64 42 40 45 51 58 59 65 60 67 42 1998 1999 42 60 27 25 22 35 30 28 30 33 29 34 33 34 51 25 31 31 1999 2000 18 53 50 52 30 37 36 39 35 19 28 24 35 36 35 44 37 28 2000 Year Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec J-D D-N DJF MAM JJA SON Year 2001 38 41 54 42 52 44 52 46 49 46 65 51 48 46 34 49 48 53 2001 2002 70 70 87 55 56 47 56 45 52 50 50 37 56 57 63 66 49 51 2002 2003 67 50 52 48 52 41 48 63 60 67 49 68 55 53 51 51 51 59 2003 2004 53 66 58 51 35 34 19 42 47 60 66 46 48 50 63 48 32 57 2004 2005 68 55 67 62 55 57 54 57 67 72 64 63 62 60 57 62 56 67 2005 2006 48 63 58 44 41 54 42 63 54 60 64 72 55 54 58 48 53 59 2006 2007 88 63 64 67 61 53 55 55 51 54 48 39 58 61 74 64 54 51 2007 2008 15 25 65 43 41 34 53 35 53 55 58 48 44 43 26 49 41 55 2008 2009 54 46 47 48 55 61 65 55 64 60 67 60 57 56 49 50 60 64 2009 2010 68 74 85 76 65 56 49 53 53 63 71 43 63 65 68 75 53 62 2010 2011 44 42 56 55 42 50 65 65 50 55 48 45 51 51 43 51 60 51 2011 2012 36******************************************************* ********* ******************** 2012 Year Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec J-D D-N DJF MAM JJA SON Year Divide by 100 to get changes in degrees Celsius (deg-C). Multiply that result by 1.8(=9/5) to get changes in degrees Fahrenheit (deg-F). Best estimate for absolute global mean for 1951-1980 is 14.0 deg-C or 57.2 deg-F, so add that to the temperature change if you want to use an absolute scale (this note applies to global annual means only, J-D and D-N !) Example -- Table Value : 40 change : 0.40 deg-C or 0.72 deg-F abs. scale if global annual mean : 14.40 deg-C or 57.92 deg-F